Widiputri, Diah Indriani and Adianto, Jayaratana and Legowo, Evita Herawati (2020) Improving Methodology of Squalene Extraction From Palm Fatty Acid Distillate (PFAD) Through Enhanced Pre-Treatment Process. Journal Functional Food & Nutraceutical (JFFN), 1 (2). ISSN 26860309
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Abstract
Indonesia has been accounted as one of the biggest palm oil producers in the world with annual production capacity reaching over 34 million tons. As a consequence, the amount of wastes resulting from this industry requires immense attention to be given. One of the wastes resulted is the Palm Fatty Acid Distillate (PFAD), which in previous researches has been proven to contain some beneficial bioactive compounds such as squalene. Squalene is known as one of the best natural emollients for pharmaceuticals and cosmetics, so that many researches have given the attempt to extract squalene from PFAD. Despite all attempts, large amount of impurities such as free fatty acids (FFA) were still to be found present in squalene extract. Therefore, in this research an effort to enhance the pre-treatment process of PFAD was done by combining saponification process and centrifugation, in order to remove FFA prior to extraction process. Three different pre-treatment scenarios in single stage liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) were compared in their effect on squalene content found in the extract using GC-MS analysis. The analysis showed that the squalene content increased from 5.370 to 9.320 % (w/w) when centrifugation was applied. Adding another round of saponification to this method has increased the content even further to 23.940 %. Furthermore, the application of multiple stage extraction could increase the squalene content to 37.450 %.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Distilat Asam Lemak Minyak Sawit (PFAD), ekstraksi bertingkat jamak; ekstraksi cair-cair, squalene |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP368 Food processing and manufacture T Technology > TX Home economics > TX341 Nutrition. Foods and food supply |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Life Sciences and Technology |
| Depositing User: | Library SGU |
| Date Deposited: | 11 Apr 2023 05:26 |
| Last Modified: | 11 Apr 2023 05:26 |
| URI: | http://repository.sgu.ac.id/id/eprint/2512 |
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